TBX1 and ovarian carcinoma: To investigate whether COL11A1 directly upregulates the expression of FAO enzymes in ES2, OVCAR3, and A2780 ovarian cancer cells that do not express COL11A1 or express very low endogenous levels of COL11A131, we (i) co-cultured ES2 ovarian cancer cell line with scrambled control CAFs or COL11A1-knockdown CAFs; (ii) cultured ES2, OVCAR3 and A2780 ovarian cancer cell lines in plates coated with COL11A1 extracted from A204 cell line (COL11A1 extract); or (iii) supplemented ES2 cells with recombinant COL11A1 protein.