The potential utility of these combinatorial treatments is further exemplified by recent studies showing the benefit of either HDAC inhibition or MEK inhibition in the context of PD-1/PD-L1 targeted immunotherapy.50 51 These findings support further study, both preclinically and clinically, of MEKi and their impact on tumor immunogenicity, particularly in patients undergoing immunotherapy-based treatment for NSCLC. Here, HDAC9 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.