Recently, acute activation of GABA neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the female mice hypothalamus with opto- or pharmaco-genetics was shown to elicit a long-lasting increase in LH secretion, while chronic activation was found to disrupt reproductive cycling and promote elevation of T levels, a functional induction of PCOS-like reproductive traits resembling those in PNA models (98). This evidence concerns the gene PLOD1 and polycystic ovary syndrome.