We and others have demonstrated that TF, the main initiator of the coagulation, is increased in the plasma of patients with CKD8, 35and that it is overexpressed in endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells in response to various tryptophan-derived uremic toxin (TDUT) in vitro.6, 8, 10, 36Here we show the TF increases in the aorta and in the wall of renal vessels in both types of CKD mice. This evidence concerns the gene TF and chronic kidney disease.