PIN1 and cancer: PIN1 regulates a large number of these cancer-related targets from extracellular receptors such as NOTCH1 (Rustighi et al., 2009) or HER2 (Lam et al., 2008), to intracellular effector proteins like RAF1 (Dougherty et al., 2005) or FAK (Zheng et al., 2009), and ultimately to transcription factors such as c-MYC (Farrell et al., 2013), β-catenin (Ryo et al., 2001), or NF-κB (Ryo et al., 2003).