Moreover, CDR1as inhibits the translation of nuclear factor (NK)-kB, indirectly impairs the expression of ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1, and ultimately causes the degradation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and β-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), proteins that underlie the development of Alzheimer's disease (60) (Table 1). Here, APP is linked to early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.