EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Among all targetable biomarkers in advanced NSCLC as mentioned above, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating mutations and the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements are two main families of targetable oncogenic mutations, which could be been found in 20–50% and 3–7% of all NSCLC patients respectively [10–13].