CD274 and neoplasm: Programmed cell death ligand‐1 (PD‐L1) is a vital immune checkpoint molecule which can manipulate cancer cells to escape immune surveillance via its receptor programmed cell death‐1 (PD‐1).12, 13 PD‐L1 is a transmembrane protein which is expressed in many different cancers including breast, ovarian, bladder, colon, melanoma and lung cancers.14, 15, 16, 17, 18 Previous studies have investigated PD‐L1 signaling in cancers and have focused on its implications in tumor immune evasion.