In addition, some effects are observed in BTLA+ and BTLA− cells (e.g., the reduced ability to stimulate allogeneic T-cell proliferative responses or the less stimulatory capacity to induce Th1 and Th17 polarization), which clearly suggests that some of the effects observed in the present study are not dependent on the presence of BTLA, but on the infection by Mtb. This evidence concerns the gene BTLA and infection.