LOX and breast carcinoma: In addition, HIF signaling drives the secretion of lysyl oxidase (LOX), LOX-like proteins, and exosomes, to establish a prometastatic environment within the lung and bones of patients with breast cancer.20 Tumor hypoxia is associated with poor prognosis in clinical scenarios;37,41–44 HIF‐1α and HIF‐2α expression is linked to patient mortality.41,42 In general, these hypoxic factors, along with others, are associated with tumor aggressiveness and resistance to therapy.38 Moreover, tumors with more extensive hypoxic and anoxic areas exhibit higher rates of metastasis.45