The M1 phenotype has anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects and secretes proinflammatory factors such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-12, IL-23, TNF-α, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 5 (CXCL5), CXCL9, and CXCL10. Here, CXCL5 is linked to neoplasm.