USP7, a highly expressed DUB in prostate cancer and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), plays a direct role in PTEN deubiquitination and regulates its localization rather than protein stability.170 In addition, USP13 and OTUD3 can interact with PTEN and remove its polyubiquitin chain. This evidence concerns the gene OTUD3 and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.