RNASEL and viral infectious disease: Unlike the canonical SGs formed under stress conditions, antiviral SGs (avSGs) form during viral infections and have been proposed to play a role in antiviral signaling (34) by recruiting antiviral proteins, including PKR, Rig-I, MDA5, OAS, RNase L, Trim5, ADAR1, ZAP, cGAS, and RNA helicases, like DHX36, DDX3, and DDX6 (35, –, 38).