However, among the six chemokines that we have shown here to be negatively associated with FXS, three (CCL2, CCL11, CXCL10) have already been demonstrated to be present at lower levels in an independent cohort of FXS patients (n = 64) compared to healthy controls (n = 19) [17], therefore strengthening the validity of our conclusions. Here, CCL11 is linked to fragile X syndrome.