In 1984, the Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy (WESDR, III) revealed that the severity of retinopathy was related to longer duration of diabetes, younger age at diagnosis, higher glycosylated hemoglobin levels, higher systolic blood pressure, use of insulin, presence of proteinuria, and small body mass [26,27]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is diabetes mellitus.