Hyperglycemia and increased inflammation in STZ-injected IL-18−/− mice are linked to an increased bacterial translocation to PLNs and increased intestinal permeability, suggesting that IL-18 production in the gut mucosa is important for maintaining the intestinal integrity in STZ-induced T1D, preventing gut microbiota translocation to PLNs and, consequently, inflammation. Here, IL18 is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.