RET and thyroid gland papillary carcinoma: As a typical RTK, mutation, rearrangement, and aberrant expression of the RET gene induces the autophosphorylation of RET, and then phosphorylated RET phosphorylates downstream signaling pathways to drive various cancers, such as hereditary and sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) [10, 11], papillary thyroid cancers [12], and NSCLC [13].