At baseline, 491 (63%) patients had uncontrolled hypertension despite prior BP-lowering therapy; of those, 158 (32%) were previously treated with an ARB, 135 (27%) with angiotensin converting enzyme-inhibitors (ACE-I), 141 (29%) with beta-blockers (BB), 89 (18%) with calcium channel-blockers (CCB), and 72 (15%) with diuretics other than HCTZ; thus, 104 (21%) patients received prior combination therapy. The gene discussed is ACE; the disease is hypertensive disorder.