ECM1 and Hemoglobin C Measurement: We identified that GPX3 (AUC = 0.7692, P = 0.0128), ECM1 (AUC = 0.7330, P = 0.0312), CRYAB (AUC = 0.9457, P < 0.0001), and CGNL1 (AUC = 0.8190, P = 0.0032) can be applied in differential diagnosis between HGBC and LGBC, while CRNN (AUC = 0.5136, P = 0.9001) can't.