The potential use of exogenously applied NIS to induce radioiodine accumulation in non-thyroidal tumors has been investigated in a variety of in vitro and in vivo tumor models, such as anaplastic thyroid cancer 55, glioma 22, acute myeloid leukemia 21, multiple myeloma 7, cancer of the prostate 6, 15, 16, 23, 56, the liver 37, the colon 27, 36, the breast 8, and the pancreas 19, 39, 57 by several groups including our own. Here, SLC5A5 is linked to AL amyloidosis.