The COLUMBUS trial [21–23] is an international, randomised, open-label, phase III trial designed to assess the clinical effectiveness of the licensed dose of Enco + Bini compared with vemurafenib and compared with encorafenib monotherapy (Enco) in 577 patients with advanced (unresectable or metastatic) BRAF V600 mutation-positive melanoma. This evidence concerns the gene BRAF and melanoma.