Although Dex-treatment still significantly exacerbated colitis, as evidenced by significantly lower body weight, a reduced DAI score and severe destructive macroscopic and histological pathological alterations as described above, the symptoms, pathological changes, inflammatory immune cell infiltration and inflammatory cytokine TNFα and IL-6 production in colitis showed no significant differences between cohoused and single-housed colitis mice (Figure 4a–f). Here, TNF is linked to colitis.