Consequently, in 2011, the monoclonal antibody blocking CTLA-4 (Ipilimumab) was approved by the FDA for the treatment of advanced melanoma, followed by the approval of a PD-1-blocking monoclonal antibody (Pembrolizumab) for the treatment of melanoma in 2014, and the approval of a PD-L1 blocking antibody (Atezolizumab) for the treatment of urothelial carcinoma in 2016 [10,11,12]. The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is melanoma.