VEGFA and ovarian carcinoma: To define the molecular mechanisms by which NHWD-870 inhibited proliferation of TAMs, we examined the mRNA levels of various growth factors and chemokines, including EGF, FGF2, HGF, IGF-1, PDGF-A, PDGF-B, PIGF, TGF-β, TNF-α, VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C, CCL5, CCL17, CCL18, CXCL5, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL13, and CSF1 in ID8 mouse ovarian cancer cells, B16 mouse melanoma cells, TAMs and monocytes by RT-qPCR.