AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma: The α-fetoprotein (AFP) and protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-2 (PIVKA-II) are usually used as diagnostic markers for HCC at early stage, but in clinical practice, many HCC patients went late stage when first diagnosed, and HCC patients usually have high post-operative recurrence, many studies have been conducted to find new or more related biomarkers to better predict HCC.