Increased levels of VILIP-1 in CSF have often been found in patients with AD compared with healthy controls and patients with other neurodegenerative disorders, such as Lewy body dementia, frontotemporal dementia, and progressive supranuclear palsy; this finding suggests that increased VILIP-1 levels may constitute a specific marker for AD (Supplementary Table 1). This evidence concerns the gene VSNL1 and progressive supranuclear palsy.