Furthermore, overlapping variations of the BEMphenotype are found in many inherited macular as well as non-genetic conditionsincluding hydroxychloroquine toxicity, infectious diseases and acute injuries,although BEM observed in ABCA4-associated retinopathy can beoften distinguished by quantifying macular levels of autofluorescence (RPElipofuscin) (Duncker et al., 2015b). The gene discussed is ABCA4; the disease is retinal disorder.