Thus, volatile components in LFT may be involved many important signaling pathways, such as apoptosis, TNF signaling pathway, herpes simplex infection, RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, pathways in cancer, MAPK signaling pathway, Epstein-Barr virus infection, chronic myeloid leukemia, small cell lung cancer, NF-κB signaling pathway, epithelial cell signaling in Helicobacter pylori infection, toxoplasmosis, HTLV-I infection, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, and T cell receptor signaling pathway. Here, TNF is linked to toxoplasmosis.