Being an autoimmune disease, a distinct feature of RA is the presence of specific autoantibodies against post-translationally modified proteins known as anti-modified protein antibodies (AMPA) in serum and synovial fluid samples of RA patients [80] Examples of AMPA include antibodies against post-translationally modified proteins like citrullinated proteins (ACPA), antibodies against protein carbamylation (anti-CarP), and antibodies against acetylated proteins (AAPA) [81,82,83] The presence of autoantibodies has been associated with disease progression and pathogenesis. This evidence concerns the gene PRTN3 and rheumatoid arthritis.