TXNIP and type 2 diabetes mellitus: For example, in a case-control study of ~ 1500 adults, Florath et al. [29•] identified 39 T2D-associated CpG sites in a discovery cohort, with replication of methylation differences in a second subset of the cohort for a signal mapping to TXNIP. At this site, T2D cases are consistently hypomethylated compared with controls according to studies in Europeans [16•, 29•, 55], Indian Asians [16•], Mexican Americans [15], Arabs [49], and Ghanaians [56•].