Conversely, 28 of cancer-related genes were downregulated by shNrf1, of which 6 genes (i.e., HIF1A, STAT5B, IGF1R, TGFBR1, ATRN, and FZD6) were upregulated by Nrf1α−/− to varying extents. This evidence concerns the gene TGFBR1 and cancer.