In the present work, we measured plasma concentrations of LTB4 and analyzed the expressions of ALOX5, LTB4R, and MYD88 and of genes related to AGE metabolism in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from long-term T1D individuals, in order to associate them with the presence of diabetes microvascular complications. Here, ALOX5 is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.