Conversely, overexpression of MAOA was reported in other cancer types, such as renal cell carcinoma, glioma, cHL, non-small cell lung cancer, and its oncogenic role is particularly well-described in prostate cancer, involving a ROS-activated AKT/FOXO/TWIST1 signalling pathway and maintenance of cancer stem cells9,19–22. Here, TWIST1 is linked to hereditary clear cell renal cell carcinoma.