NK cells expressing a chimeric-antigen receptor (CAR) NKG2D-DAP10-CD3ζ were shown to be highly cytotoxic against leukemia and solid tumor lines.32 NK cells have been engineered to express anti-B-cell antigen CD19 single-chain fragment (anti-CD19scFv CAR) as well as a fusion receptor consisting of IL-15 with IL-15 receptor α for autonomous IL 15 stimulation that increases the lifespan of NK CARs after infusion.33 Anti-CD19 CAR NK cells are in clinical trials in relapsed and refractory B cell lymphoma (Alllife; clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT03690310). The gene discussed is CD19; the disease is leukemia.