The Checkmate 057 (6), Keynote 001 (7) and POPLAR (8) clinical studies demonstrated that, in NSCLC, high expression of PD-L1 in tumor cells is associated with a better response to IT; however the Checkmate 017 (9) study reported that some patients responded positively to nivolumab, another IT drug, although their lung tumor did not express PD-L1. Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.