Consistent with genetic studies in human and mouse, reduction in numbers and functions of Foxp3+ Tregs had been reported as a contributing factor for a variety of autoimmune diseases (International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics, 2008; Long et al, 2011; Garg et al, 2012; Cerosaletti et al, 2013; Carbone et al, 2014; Moulton & Tsokos, 2015; Yang et al, 2015). The gene discussed is FOXP3; the disease is multiple sclerosis.