Significant improvements in overall survival have been observed in advanced NSCLC patients treated with checkpoint inhibitors (CIs), such as monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that target PD-1 (nivolumab and pembrolizumab) and PD-L1 (atezolizumab), compared to patients treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy alone [12,13,14,15]. Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.