TWIST1 and carcinoma: Most human malignancies are carcinomas (i.e., derive from the epithelium), and EMT results in a transformation of non-stem carcinoma cells into fibroblast-like CSCs expressing N-cadherin instead of E-cadherin and vimentin instead of cytokeratin; this switching is regulated by Slug, Snail, Twist, zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 and 2 (ZEB1/2) [1,2,3,4,5], the oncogene multiple copies in T-cell malignancy 1 (MCT-1/MCTS1) product [13], and a zinc finger protein PRDM14 [8,14].