However, a placebo-controlled, phase II study that used a humanized TGF-β1-specific neutralizing monoclonal antibody plus renin-angiotensin system blockades failed to slow the progression of DKD in diabetic patients who had eGFR of 20–60 ml/min/1.73 m2 (Voelker et al., 2017). This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and diabetic kidney disease.