The log2 FPKM plot of tumor and normal showed that IFNγ and all six well-documented ICPs were significantly upregulated (p < 0.01) in IFNγ positive CRCs compared to their patient matched normal tissue controls [Figure 1B: IFNγ (24.1-fold), IDO1 (7.8-fold), CTLA4 (2.9-fold), Tim3 (2.3-fold), PDL1 (3.0-fold), PD1 (2.1-fold) and LAG3 (1.6-fold)] while only 4 ICPs were significantly upregulated (P < 0.05) in IFNγ negative CRCs compared to their matched controls (Figure 1C): IFNγ (4.4-fold), IDO1 (1.4-fold), CTLA4 (1.7-fold), Tim3 (1.4-fold), PDL1 (1.3-fold), and PD1 (1.0-fold). Here, IDO1 is linked to neoplasm.