IFNG and neoplasm: Because IFNγ has been strongly implicated in the induction of PDL1 expression in tumors, and PD1 expression in tumor infiltrating T cells (6–8), we divided 79 CRCs into those with potentially significant IFNγ expression (abundance level of FPKM > 1; 32 CRCs), designated IFNγ+ (positive), and those expressing lower levels of IFNγ expression (FPKM < 1; 47 CRCs), designated IFNγ− (negative) (Figure 1A).