In ischemia, the key mechanisms include the water channel, aquaporin-4 (AQP4; Manley et al., 2000), the Na+-K+-Cl− cotransporter 1 (NKCC1; Su et al., 2002a,b), the sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1)-regulated non-selective cation channels (NCCa-ATP; Simard et al., 2006; Stokum et al., 2018), the Na+-dependent EAATs (Schneider et al., 1992), and finally, Donnan cell swelling including Cl− and K+ channels (Kimelberg, 2005). The gene discussed is ABCC8; the disease is ischemia.