TGFB1 and neurodegenerative disease: Recently, several lines of evidence from our laboratory have shown that TGF-β1 exerts neuroprotective role in neurodegenerative diseases by inhibiting microglia-mediated neuroinflammation (Shen et al., 2014; Chen et al., 2015, 2017; Liu et al., 2016; Fang et al., 2018), but its role in CA has still not been elucidated.