This has recently been hypothesized to depend on the fact that glioma tumorigenesis and schizophrenia may share similar mechanisms, and the molecular defects of certain molecules, such as DISC1 (Disrupted in schizophrenia 1), P53 (also known as TP53, Tumor Protein 53), BDNF (Brain-derived neurotrophic factor) and CXCR4 (C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4) involved in SCZ pathogenesis might play opposite roles in glioma development. The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is central nervous system cancer.