NKILA and immune system disorder: The results herein identified the essential involvement of NKILA and its interacting NF-κB pathway in the induction of immune dysfunction to immunotherapy (ie, NKILA-induced dysfunctional state of immune cells), which supports the predictive and immunosuppressive role of these elements observed in previous studies.1,3,17 The engineering of NKILA (ie, targeting NKILA in immune cells could be a promising and feasible approach to cellular immunotherapy) might reverse the immune dysfunctional state and enhance immunotherapeutic effectiveness.