Disappointingly, a recent clinical trial study using a humanized monoclonal neutralizing antibody against TGF-β1 (LY2382770) for treatment of patients with diabetic nephropathy has been proven no efficacy on the improvements of serum creatinine, estimated GFR (eGFR), and proteinuria (Voelker et al., 2017). Here, TGFB1 is linked to diabetic kidney disease.