HIF1A and neoplasm: Tumorigenesis is characterized by genetic alterations, and several findings demonstrate that high expression of specific transcription factors or oncogenic tumor pathways, principally MYC, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), and phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI3K), can sustain the Warburg effect.