Knowland D et al. [66] found that BBB disruption in response to ischemia is initiated by the upregulation of endothelial transcytosis, which is mediated by the overexpression of caveolin-1 in the early phase of reperfusion (6 h) and followed by the major remodeling of tight junction complexes in the late phase (24-48 h). The gene discussed is CAV1; the disease is ischemia.