When IR is present, high insulin levels impair the normal secretion of LH and FSH from pituitary cells and their function in the ovaries, promoting premature luteinization of follicles [4, 44] Although their effects on gonadotropins and on inflammation, the ability of ALA and MI to restore normal levels of insulin in PCOS women with IR may be another mechanism and probably the condition conditio sine qua non, by which these molecules are able to improve menstrual regularity in women with IR. This evidence concerns the gene INS and polycystic ovary syndrome.