INS and Hypoglycemia: •Routinely before meals and snacks.• Intermittently 2–3 h after meals to evaluate meal-time doses of rapid-acting insulin.• Before, every 1 h during, and after strenuous exercise.• At bedtime and before breakfast to assess the action of basal insulin.• Periodically overnight between 12 a.m. and 4 a.m., especially after strenuous exercise, and when adjusting basal insulin doses.• Before driving a car or operating potentially hazardous machinery.• To confirm symptoms of hypoglycemia and monitor response to treatment.• During intercurrent illness (together with ketone monitoring, see below).