CD38, usually expressed on plasma cells and other lymphoid and myeloid cell populations (Morandi et al., 2018), has been revealed to mediate immunosuppression as a tumor escape mechanism, and there is evidence for an unfavorable CD38 influence on tumor progression in esophageal cancer (Chen et al., 2018; Karakasheva et al., 2015). This evidence concerns the gene CD38 and esophageal cancer.